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 * Risko P4 Animal Farm Allegory Comparison **
 * __Directions__**: Orwell's novel //Animal Farm// is an allegory, as we discussed. While on the surface level, it is about pigs and other animals and their revolt against human masters on their farm, there is another symboloic level in which almost all characters and scenes symbolize true figures and events from the communist era in Russia/ USSR (or at least Orwell's perspective of them), beginning with the Russian Revolution up through the end of WWII. The goal is to individually research one assigned individual, group or event from the novel, and then post in the allotted space in the chart below your explanation of **the similarity between the item from the novel and what you learn about Russian history**. Please visit the link here entitled "[|Allegory Webquest]" to access suggested websites for researching your assigned topic.

Farmer Jones and Czar Nicholas are very similar in terms of their ruling “techniques.” In __Animal Farm__, Jones is a farmer; he is the head of the Manor Farm, and in my opinion, he should not be in that position. He isn’t a //main// character, even though he is one of the main threats in the story. He is a lazy worker and is selfish, only caring about his own life. He is irresponsible, and does not do his part in taking care of the farm or the animals. Basically, his life is eating, sleeping and watching television. Czar Nicholas, also in a state of leadership, has a few of the same characteristics. While he was a “decent” man (in spite of war), caring for his //family,// he came to the throne without any plans or strategies and had no experience. He was just put in his position of leadership because of his father; the former Czar. After a while, it was known to everyone that Nicholas II was an ineffective ruler; he was not meant to be in the position that he was in. He did not fulfill his position like his father had. Next to the revolution in Russia, there were also industrial issues. Workers didn’t get enough money and they worked hard in bad conditions. 110,000 workers had a four day protest, almost like a rebellion; to increase wages, improve working conditions, and shorten working hours. Nicholas II was an enemy of Vladimir Lenin. Later on in his ruling, he was “abandoned” by his workers and generals. With all this chaos and misery, Nicholas was finally advised to resign, and he did. So, as you may already see, the lives of Farmer Jones and Czar Nicholas II were quite similar; but Jones didn’t have to deal with very complicated situations. Both leaders were like “landowners.” They both shared the same traits; being lazy, selfish and careless to their duties. They were both irresponsible and did not fulfill their duties as rulers; none of them were meant to be rulers. Farmer Jones didn’t take care of his farm or the animals, like a true farmer should; and Czar Nicholas II didn’t take care of his country, or his people. They both had rebellions to deal with as a consequence for their lack of leadership. Both rebellions had to do with being treated fairly, cutting work hours and getting more food/wages. During the rebellions they were both “abandoned” by their people/generals, and later on just gave up. They both gave up their positions, and resigned, because of all the chaos that went on in their areas. Lastly, both rulers were enemies of the same “people.” Czar Nicholas II was enemies with Vladimir Lenin, who wanted to get rid of him; Farmer Jones was “enemies” with Old Major (Lenin) who also wanted to get rid of //him.// So, as shown, Farmer Jones and Czar Nicholas were very similar in their way of life.
 * **__Farmer Jones__**

Old Major was the leader before he died and he ruled the farm. Old Major had a dream that the animals would have a rebellion against the farmers. This dream was similar to Lenin. Lenin hoped that in the future Russia would overthrow the Czar and Czarina. This eventually happened and the same happened in Animal Farm. Same as Lenin, Old Major had made plans for this rebellion years before and had set all the procedures needed to be done. Lenin wanted the Czar to be executed or taken out of rule and Old Major wanted Jones to be gone. Old Major was the smartest pig in Animal Farm and so was Lenin. This is how Lenin rose to power and same with Old Major. These plans that they both made led to rebellions and wars. || Animalism is a form of communism created by the animals to form a strong peace of mind and body. It was meant to be like communism and to make all equal, but rather than do that it gave someone to use it and take power over the country or farm as in George Orwell’s //Animal Farm//. Just like Stalin in Russia Napoleon uses Communism or Animalism to take more power than they should and in turn become exactly what they created the Philosophy to abolish. While outside of //Animal Farm//, Communism is the real world version of Animalism. It was created by Lenin and his party as a way to override democracy and monarchy. But just as in the real world and in //Animal Farm// someone takes control using the Philosophies as excuses doing so, and then to use propaganda to make it look like something right and just. While as time passes the people in power become what they set out to be. But unlike Animalism, communism broke down and turned back into Democracy as in Russia after the cold war. But in countries like China where there has always been an overbearing power communism has lasted through the years, but it is not a solid form of communism which was always intended to be a kind of utopia that Animalism tried to achieve, but just like communism failed. And if the book //Animal Farm// continued, Animalism would break down just like communism did in Russia after they had a governmental collapse. This might be triggered by the death of Napoleon and what happens if the other animals believe that it should again be a democracy, but I doubt that they would think themselves worthy or smart enough to do so and again there would be another governmental collapse.
 * -*Shantal Jayawickreme*-* ||
 * **__Old Major__**
 * **__Animalism__** ||

The February Revolution took place in Russia in 1917. The first thing the revolution caused was the resignation of Czar Nicholas II. Then, the Romanov dynasty concluded. The February Revolution seemed to occur suddenly, without any true planning. The February Revolution relates to the animals driving Jones off of the farm in many ways. To begin with, the animal rebellion caused Mr. Jones and his workers to resign from power. The animals chased them off of the farm. This put a stop to all human control on Manor Farm. Also, the rebellion was not planned. It was a spur of the moment action. As stated in //Animal Farm//, “With one accord, though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand, they flung themselves upon their tormentors.” -Kerri Stanton Leon Trotsky represented Snowball because he was the only one that knew what he was doing and what the communism was supposed to be. He would have succeeded if it wasn’t napoleon/ Joseph Stalin kicking him out. Also he represents Snowball because Snowball didn’t believe in napoleon’s idea of animalism and Leon Trotsky didn’t believe in Stalinism. Leon Trotsky even fought against it. Leon Trotsky was assassinated by Stalin’s assassins and killed with an ice pick, this represents when napoleon chases off snowball with his dogs. Austin N Napoleon represent who Joseph Stalin was during the Russian Revolution. When Old Major who represents Vladimir Lenin dies after sort of gives their perspective on a new world for Russia or the Farm. The Czar or farmer is then over thrown and the rebellion is in motion. Then when Napoleon chased Snowball out of the farm this is the same Stalin chasing out Leon Trotsky. Trotsky was a another leader of the Rebellion and Stalin later had him killed so that he could gain power over a new communist Russia. The dogs later became like Napoleons NKVD or the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs which was like the secret police of Russia. They were strong believers of their leader and believed anything and did anything he wanted them to do. ~Austin M || Squealer’s main job was to make the animals less suspicious about what was happening on the farm and what the pigs were doing to control everything. In history this directly relates to The Cult of Stalin. To gain the devotion of the people the members of the Cult of Stalin censored anything that would make Stalin look inadequate. Squealer’s role in this book was the same as the Cult of Stalin’s job was in the Russian Revolution. Squealer had to make all of the animals comfortable with this idea of dictatorship. The animals, though, only had protests when things that they had known to be right were then changed and made to be wrong. An example of this is when Napoleon ran Snowball off of the farm. The animals were favored Snowball and they were ready to put all of their support behind him until Napoleon ran him off the farm and told all of the animals that he was only interested in the downfall of the farm. This made the animals confused. They had never seen Snowball in the role of an enemy before and seeing him this way after seeing him as a friend rattled the brains of the multitude of animals. Another job of the Cult of Stalin was propaganda. This cult had to ensure that Stalin was completely in power and that everyone was in favor of him and his rule. To do this the members of the Cult of Stalin had to dominate the people, attack enemies, and “create a feeling of unison.” This means that they had to make the people feel as if they were safe but at the same time make them love and respect Stalin. This cult had to create unity throughout Stalin’s rule. This is the same way with Squealer. Squealer had to make the animals feel safe with Napoleon as a leader. The way he did this was he legitimized everything that the animals weren’t sure about and threatened them with the idea of Jones coming back. ~Rebekah B.~ || The similarities between the dogs and the NKVD is that the NKVD and the dogs are working for what they believe is the right cause, also these positions of status are used to only scare the civilians/other animals. They scared them so that they would obey their leaders. The dogs served the pigs and the NKVD served the soviet army so the soviet army was the pigs. The dogs and the NKVD were just the sharpness of the blade without the dogs or the NKVD the blade would be dull so the animals/ the civilians would rebel and over trough the soviet union/ the pigs. So without the dogs or the NKVD the pigs/ the soviet union would fall apart. the dog's/NKVD's violence gave order within the farm/country becuase it showed the boundries of the animals and the limits of the civilions -Anjan S.
 * **__Driving Out Jones__** ||
 * **__Snowball__** ||
 * **__Napoleon__**
 * **__Squealer__**
 * **__The Dogs__** ||


 * **__Moses the Raven / Sugarcandy Mountain__**

In the novel, Animal Farm, Moses the Raven has a story of Sugarcandy Mountain. Moses tells of how animals, when they die, are sent to the paradise of Sugarcandy Mountain. Orwell has a specific symbolism that he means to share out of this. Moses can symbolize Rasputin, mainly because of how Rasputin influenced many people, and had the support of many people, including the Czarina, Alexandra. However, he also had many people who despised his ways and blamed him for the economic decline in Russia, immoral practices/decisions, having no control over sexual urges, and many other things. These characteristics were directly the same with Moses in the novel; he was known for being believed and respected by many animals of the farm, but also ridiculed and hated by the pigs and others. Both characters also had the same religious views. They were criticized for their views by the government (portrayed as the pigs in the novel), but still believed by many others. The two characters both believed that happiness in the afterlife had nothing to do with whether or not you had committed sins or not. In other words, no matter what sins you had committed, you would always go to Heaven (in Animal Farm, Heaven is portrayed as “Sugarcandy Mountain”). Moses tells the animals that every single one of them will go to Sugarcandy Mountain as, very similarly, in history Rasputin believed, and influenced every person that they will go to heaven even if they have committed sins in the past. Moses’ superstition about Sugarcandy Mountain shows another strong point about life during communist Russian times. Moses uses this story to give the animals a reason to keep doing their work. By the animals completing their orders and continuing their life under the oppressive lifestyle, they have a reward in return after death; they will go to Sugarcandy Mountain. In communist Russia, Stalin also used religion by giving the citizens reason to continue life the way they were living; the belief stood that life would be better in heaven after death (life was so poorly during that time that people believed life couldn’t possibly be worse in the afterlife). These two concepts are directly similar to each other, hence showing us that Orwell had a big point out of even the smallest roles. He has made the point how communism used religion to a point where it kept the oppressed working and gave them a reason for continuing life powerless. -Jake B. || The battle of the Cowshed relates to the October Revolution by in both the Battles Property was gained by the workers. The ideas of both revolutions were by leaders that convinced the people it was necessary. The Bolsheviks like the animals wanted a new government where they would get more food and more land. For the animals they were given less food when Mr. Jones started to drink and for the Russia their people were given less food so the Bolsheviks stood up and fought like the animals did. The outcomes for both situations were more land was gained, they can govern themselves, and they got more food since they were in charge on how they would get their resources. The Bolsheviks are like the pigs they both take over after the revolution is over and also they take their time in building a plan to make it their way. When they both reached their goal they were ruled by leaders and they were not given what they wanted and the leaders tried everything in their power to make sure things went in their way. -Brianna P. ||
 * **__Battle of the Cowshed__**

As many of us know, Animal Farm has many similarities to the Soviet Union. One similarity is the five-year plan created by the Soviet Union and the Two-Year Windmill plan first introduced by Snowball, but completed by Napoleon. The Five-Year plan concentrated on the development of iron and steel, machine-tools, electric power and transport. The Two-Year Windmill plan concentrated on building a windmill which could operate a dynamo and supply the farm with electric power, similar to Russia’s Five-Year Plan. The similarities between the Two-Year Windmill plan and the Five-Year plan is very important, but there were many results to these ideas which are also similar. One of the similarities follows: The inventor of the Five-Year plan, Joseph Stalin, demanded an increase of all products. He said that if not, they would not be able to defeat their enemies when they were to invade, which was to be very soon. Napoleon, the ultimate ruler of Animal Farm, also wanted an increase of products. This was because he believed they needed to defeat the humans when they were to invade again. Napoleon also demanded for an increase in products because he needed to sell them for money. The other similarity follows: After the idea of a Five-Year plan was announced a lot of commotion started in the factories. The many who failed to meet the requirements were publicly criticized and embarrassed. Records were being kept of an employee’s lateness, absence and bad workmanship. If a person’s record was poor, they were shot. Although the commotion on Animal Farm was not this extreme, it was still poor. The animals were working all day long, every day of the week. Napoleon ruled over everything and if an animal confessed to doing something wrong, they were executed. Although the actions committed by the leaders and rulers are not extremely similar, the overall thought that there was misery after both plans were introduced, is most important.
 * **__Windmill and Two-Year Plan to Build It__**

~Mimi Staker ||
 * **__Executions of Chickens/Pigs__**

The Great Purge occurred from 1937-1938 in Russia. During those times, policemen were very violent because they murdered thousands of people in one day. The execution of chickens and pigs in Animal Farm was very similar to the Great Purge in several ways. The Great Purge was similar to Animal Farm since the chickens and pigs were executed for a poor reason. The chickens and pigs were executed because they were not able to produce any more food for the pigs. Many of the animals were forced to work as slaves. In addition, the hens questioned Napoleon about their contribution to the farm and windmill. The pigs protested against Napoleon’s word about coming in contact with the humans. During the Great Purge and Animal Farm, they were all overworked and starved even though they earned food and attempted to speak out but there were serious consequences. Throughout the Great Purge, there was an estimate of 681,692 to about 2,000,000 people who died from starvation, diseases, and being overworked. Animal Farm and the Great Purge had harsh conditions.

-Mariah- || Animal farm- Stalin/ napoleon/Russia Pinchfield farm –Fredrick/ Hitler/ Germany Foxwood farm-Pilkington/ rosevelt-eisenhower administrations/ USA As animal farm is representing Russia and napoleon represents Stalin I believe that Fredrick represents Hitler. As Hitler attacked Russia as Fredrick attacked animal farm. Hitler lost, Fredrick lost, but they both caused bloody casualties in animal farm/Russia. I also think that foxwood farm is the us as staying kind of neutral towards Russia/ animal farm but is trying to get a piece of Russia/animal farms commerce. Both of these farms/countries are trying to gain advantages from animal farm / Russia as it is the knew emerging power house that can make or break their power.
 * **__Pinchfield Farm / Frederick__** ||
 * **__Foxwood Farm / Pilkington__**

In the book //Animal Farm//, Mr. Pilkington was the head of another farm; Foxwood. He was not a main character, more behind the scenes work. He was making some trade with Animal Farm and with Napoleon. In the end of //Animal Farm// Mr. Pilkington becomes friends with Napoleon and they make peace between their farms. Mr. Pilkington makes a toast about how he envies all that is going on around Animal Farm; the low rations, the long working hours, and the absence of pampering the “lower class” animals. I think that Mr. Pilkington considers Napoleon to be his idol (because Napoleon took charge on his farm and now has a good life), and I think that the Foxwood Farm would turn into something like the Manor (formerly known as “Animal”) Farm. In real life I think that the Foxwood Farm would represent the United States because they are neutral in the book, and the U.S. is also neutral in WWII. Mr. Pilkington would represent Roosevelt/Eisenhower (presidents of the U.S.). Foxwood Farm wasn't really a part of anything until they tried to take advantage of Animal Farm because they knew that they were struggling as a whole. It ended up that Pilkington and Napoleon became friends and allies, but I honestly don't know what happened in real life. I am not sure if this happened between Russia and the United States. ~Anastasia~ ||
 * **__Frederick's Invasion of Animal Farm (Battle of the Windmill)__** ||